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java中httpclient封装post请求和get的请求实例

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这篇文章主要介绍了java中httpclient封装post请求和get的请求实例，具有很好的参考价值，希望对大家有所帮助。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方，望不吝赐教

httpclient封装post请求和get的请求

在我们程序员生涯中，经常要复用代码，所以我们应该养成时常整理代码的好习惯，以下是我之前封装的

httpclient的post和get请求所用的代码

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package com.marco.common;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
 
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.StatusLine;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
/**
 * @author 马弦
 * @date 2017年10月23日 下午2:49
 * HttpClient工具类
 */
public class HttpUtil {
    
    private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(HttpUtil.class);
 
    /**
     * get请求
     * @return
     */
    public static String doGet(String url) {
        try {
            HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
            //发送get请求
            HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url);
            HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
 
            /**请求发送成功，并得到响应**/
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                /**读取服务器返回过来的json字符串数据**/
                String strResult = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
                
                return strResult;
            }
        }
        catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        
        return null;
    }
    
    /**
     * post请求(用于key-value格式的参数)
     * @param url
     * @param params
     * @return
     */
    public static String doPost(String url, Map params){
        
        BufferedReader in = null; 
        try { 
            // 定义HttpClient 
            HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(); 
            // 实例化HTTP方法 
            HttpPost request = new HttpPost(); 
            request.setURI(new URI(url));
            
            //设置参数
            List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
            for (Iterator iter = params.keySet().iterator(); iter.hasNext();) {
                String name = (String) iter.next();
                String value = String.valueOf(params.get(name));
                nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(name, value));
                
                //System.out.println(name +"-"+value);
            }
            request.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps,HTTP.UTF_8));
            
            HttpResponse response = client.execute(request); 
            int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
            if(code == 200){    //请求成功
                in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getEntity() 
                        .getContent(),"utf-8"));
                StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(""); 
                String line = ""; 
                String NL = System.getProperty("line.separator"); 
                while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) { 
                    sb.append(line + NL); 
                }
                
                in.close(); 
                
                return sb.toString();
            }
            else{   //
                System.out.println("状态码：" + code);
                return null;
            }
        }
        catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
            
            return null;
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * post请求（用于请求json格式的参数）
     * @param url
     * @param params
     * @return
     */
    public static String doPost(String url, String params) throws Exception {
        
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);// 创建httpPost  
        httpPost.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");
        httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
        String charSet = "UTF-8";
        StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(params, charSet);
        httpPost.setEntity(entity);       
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        
        try {
            
            response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
            StatusLine status = response.getStatusLine();
            int state = status.getStatusCode();
            if (state == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
                String jsonString = EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity);
                return jsonString;
            }
            else{
                 logger.error("请求返回:"+state+"("+url+")");
            }
        }
        finally {
            if (response != null) {
                try {
                    response.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            try {
                httpclient.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }  
}

httpclient是一个非常常用的工具，在项目开发的时候，经常需要请求第三方的接口，我整理好了这段代码，以后回头找的时候就方便啦！

HttpClient发送Get、Post请求的实践

1. 配置及实例化HttpClient

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private static final CloseableHttpClient httpclient;
    public static final String CHARSET = "UTF-8";      
    static{
        RequestConfig config = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(5000).setSocketTimeout(3000).build();
        httpclient = HttpClientBuilder.create().setDefaultRequestConfig(config).build();
    }

2. 发送Get请求方法

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/**
     * HTTP Get 获取内容
     * @param url请求的url地址 ?之前的地址
     * @param params请求的参数
     * @param charset编码格式
     * @return 页面内容
     */
    public static String sendGet(String url, Map<String, Object> params) throws ParseException, UnsupportedEncodingException, IOException{       
        if(params !=null && !params.isEmpty()){        
            List<NameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size());           
            for (String key :params.keySet()){
                pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key).toString()));
            }
            url +="?"+EntityUtils.toString(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs), CHARSET);
        }
        
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
        int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
        if(statusCode !=200){
            httpGet.abort();
            throw new RuntimeException("HttpClient,error status code :" + statusCode);
        }
        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
        String result = null;
        if (entity != null) {
            result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
            EntityUtils.consume(entity);
            response.close();
            return result;
        }else{
            return null;
        }
    }

3. 发送Post请求方法

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/**
 * HTTP Post 获取内容
 * @param url请求的url地址 ?之前的地址
 * @param params请求的参数
 * @param charset编码格式
 * @return 页面内容
 * @throws IOException
 * @throws ClientProtocolException
 */
 
public static String sendPost(String url, Map<String, Object> params) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
        List<NameValuePair> pairs = null;
        if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
            pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size());
            for (String key : params.keySet()) {
                pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key).toString()));
        }
        }
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
        if (pairs != null && pairs.size() > 0) {
            httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, CHARSET));
        }
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
        int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
        if (statusCode != 200) {
            httpPost.abort();
            throw new RuntimeException("HttpClient,error status code :" + statusCode);
        }
        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
        String result = null;
        if (entity != null) {
            result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
            EntityUtils.consume(entity);
            response.close();
            return result;
        }else{
             return null;
        }
}

4. 编写测试用例，进行Get 、Post请求方法的测试

4.1 测试Get方法，e .g：

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@Test
public void testGet() throws ParseException, UnsupportedEncodingException, IOException {
    String testUrl01 = "具体的测试接口地址";
    Map<String, Object> params01 = new HashMap<>();
    params01.put("参数01", "对应的参数取值");
    params01.put("参数02", "对应的参数取值");
    System.out.println(sendGet(testUrl01, params01));      
}

java中httpclient封装post请求和get的请求实例

4.2 测试Post方法，e.g：

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@Test
    public void testPost() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {   
        String testUrl02 = "具体的测试接口地址";
        Map<String, Object> params02 = new HashMap<>();
        params02.put("参数01", "对应的参数取值");
        params02.put("参数02", "对应的参数取值");
        System.out.println(sendPost(testUrl02, params02));     
    }

java中httpclient封装post请求和get的请求实例

以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持米米素材网。

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq9808/article/details/78320816